Chemical Coordination And Integration — DPP 1

20 NEET questions from Chemical Coordination And Integration, with answers and explanations. Attempt it as a timed test to get scoring, accuracy breakdown and mistake tracking.

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1
The two glands located in the neck region are
  1. A Thyroid gland and parathyroid gland
  2. B Pituitary gland and pineal gland
  3. C Adrenal gland and thymus
  4. D Pineal gland and thyroid gland
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

Thyroid and parathyroid gland - neck region

Pituitary gland and pineal gland - brain gland

Adrenal gland - over kidney

Thymus gland - dorsal surface of heart
2
The ductless glands
  1. A Produce non-nutrient intercellular messengers
  2. B Are found only in non-chordates
  3. C Are absent in human body
  4. D Are called exocrine glands
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

Ductless glands are endocrine glands which secrete hormones which are

→ Non-nutrient chemicals

→ Act as intercellular messengers

→ Secreted in trace amounts
3
Hypothalamus forms an important link between
  1. A Digestive system and nervous system
  2. B Nervous system and respiratory system
  3. C Nervous system and endocrine system
  4. D Integumentary system and reproductive system
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Hypothalamus forms an anatomical and physiological link between nervous system and endocrine system.

— Hypothalamus is connected to pituitary gland through infundibulum and is located in the basal part

of (diencephalon) forebrain.

— Hypothalamus contains several groups of neurosecretory cells called nuclei which produce

hormones.
4
Choose the incorrect statement.
  1. A Hormones are required in trace amounts
  2. B Hormones are intra-cellular messengers
  3. C Hormones are secreted by endocrine glandular cells
  4. D Hormones are secreted in response to a particular stimulus
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Hormones are secreted in trace amounts and act as inter-cellular messengers.
5
Excess of which hormone is responsible for gigantism?
  1. A Growth hormone
  2. B Somatostatin
  3. C Adrenaline
  4. D GnRH
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

Gigantism : Over secretion of growth hormone before puberty causes gigantism.

Gigantism is the extraordinary growth in height caused by abnormal elongation of long bones in the childhood.

Somatostatin inhibits the secretion of growth hormone.
6
Which of the following is incorrect w.r.t. neurohypophysis?
  1. A Neurohypophysis is also called pars nervosa
  2. B It synthesises two hormones, oxytocin and vasopressin
  3. C It receives neurohormones directly from neurosecretory cells
  4. D It comprises 25% portion of pituitary gland
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Neurohypophysis releases oxytocin and vasopressin which are synthesised by the hypothalamus.
7
Neural coordination is
  1. A Fast and long lived
  2. B Fast and short lived
  3. C Slow and long lived
  4. D Slow and short lived
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Neural coordination via neurons is fast and short lived while chemical coordination via hormones is slow and lasts longer.
8
P is a small, round, reddish structure located on the dorsal side of forebrain. It contains a stalk and releases a hormone Q which controls diurnal rhythm of the body. P and Q are
  1. A Hypothalamus, MSH respectively
  2. B Pineal gland, melanin respectively
  3. C Pineal gland, melatonin respectively
  4. D Pituitary gland, MSH respectively
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Pineal gland is a small, round reddish structure located on the dorsal side of forebrain. It releases the hormone called melatonin which controls the diurnal rhythm of the body.

Light reduces melatonin formation and hence maintains the normal rhythm of sleep-wake cycle.
9
ACTH controls the secretion of
  1. A Insulin
  2. B Norepinephrine
  3. C Epinephrine
  4. D Glucocorticoids
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

ACTH controls the secretion of glucocorticoid hormones from the adrenal cortex.

→ ACTH acts by binding to the ACTH receptors, which are located primarily on adrenocortical cells of the adrenal cortex.

→ Epinephrine and nor-epinephrine are secreted by adrenal medulla.

→ Insulin is secreted by pancreas.
10
Cretinism can be prevented or cured by the administration of
  1. A Renin
  2. B Aldosterone
  3. C Glucagon
  4. D Thyroxine
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

Cretinism can be prevented by the administration of thyroxine because cretinism is caused by failure of thyroid gland secretion which slows body growth.
11
The hormone which promotes protein anabolism, absorption of calcium from the bowel and retards use of blood glucose for ATP production
  1. A Melatonin
  2. B Adrenaline
  3. C Growth hormone
  4. D Insulin
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Growth hormone regulates the growth of the body. Hence, it promotes protein anabolism, intestinal absorption of $\mathrm { Ca } ^ { 2 + }$ and conservation of glucose thus retards the use of blood glucose for ATP production.
12
Prolactin activates
  1. A Growth of breasts and secretion of milk in mammary glands
  2. B Secondary sexual characters in males
  3. C Melatonin secretion
  4. D Estrogen secretion
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

→ Growth of breasts and secretion of milk in mammary glands - Prolactin

→ Secondary sexual characters in males - LH (Leuteinising Hormone)

→ Melatonin secretion - MSH (Melonocyte stimulating hormone)

→ Estrogen secretion - FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone).
13
A hormone which maintains BMR, regulates the metabolism of proteins and erythropoiesis is
  1. A Adrenaline
  2. B Thymine
  3. C Thyroxine
  4. D Thymosin
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Thyroxine : hormone maintains the BMR, regulates the metabolism of proteins and erythropoiesis.

Adrenaline : hormone initiates the stress response.

Thymine : is a nitrogenous base which is present in the DNA.

Thymosin : is a hormone of the thymus gland and it stimulates the development of disease fighting T-cells.
14
Somatostatin inhibits the release of
  1. A Prolactin
  2. B Melanin
  3. C Thymosin
  4. D Growth hormone
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

Somatostatin is also known as growth hormone inhibitory hormones (GHIH) which inhibits the release of growth hormone.
15
GnRH stimulates ________ to release ________.
  1. A Hypothalamus, gonadotropins
  2. B Pituitary gland, gonadotropins
  3. C Pituitary gland, growth hormone
  4. D Hypothalamus, growth hormone
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

GnRH hormone secreted by hypothalamus gland stimulates the release of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (Leuteinising Hormone) by the pituitary gland.
16
Dwarfism occurs when there is
(i) Oversecretion of growth hormone
(ii) Under-secretion of growth hormone
(iii) Oversecretion of somatostatin
(iv) Under-secretion of somatostatin
  1. A (i) and (iii)
  2. B Only (ii)
  3. C (ii) and (iii)
  4. D (ii) and (iv)
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Dwarfism: Is the stunted growth due to premature stoppage of body growth and reduced development of skeleton. The dwarfism occurs before puberty. The causes of dwarfism is :

(a) Under secretion of growth hormone.

(b) Over secretion of somatostatin.
17
Graafian follicle gets converted into __________ after ovulation under the effect of ______.
  1. A Corpus callosum, GnRH
  2. B Corpus luteum, LH
  3. C Corpus albicans, FSH
  4. D Ovarian follicle, prolactin
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Graafian follicle get converted into corpus luteum after ovulation which occurs under the effect of LH (luteinising hormone).
18
Melanocyte stimulating hormone in man is released by
  1. A Hypothalamus
  2. B Pars nervosa
  3. C Pars distalis
  4. D Pars intermedia
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

MSH in man is secreted by pars intermedia.
19
The glands present in the brain are
  1. A Parathyroid gland and thyroid gland
  2. B Pituitary gland and thymus
  3. C Hypophysis and pineal gland
  4. D Pineal gland and thymus
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Parathyroid and thyroid gland - located at the site of trachea

Thymus gland - located on dorsal side of heart and the aorta
20
If 'X' is a hormone which controls the carbohydrate metabolism in the body and 'Y' is a hormone which controls the secretion of 'X', then 'X' and 'Y' are
  1. A Insulin and somatotrophin
  2. B Aldosterone and growth hormone
  3. C Glucocorticoid and ACTH respectively
  4. D Glucocorticoid and GHRH
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Carbohydrate metabolism is regulated by glucocorticoid released by adrenal cortex of adrenal gland and secretion of glucocorticoid is stimulated by ACTH.

→ Somatotropin regulates the release of GH.

→ Aldosterone regulates the water and electrolyte balance in the body.

→ GHRH secreted by hypothalamus stimulates the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland.

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