Chemical Coordination And Integration — DPP 3

20 NEET questions from Chemical Coordination And Integration, with answers and explanations. Attempt it as a timed test to get scoring, accuracy breakdown and mistake tracking.

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1
Hypothalamic hormones directly regulate the synthesis and secretion of
  1. A Thyroid hormones
  2. B Pituitary hormones
  3. C Adrenal hormones
  4. D Parathormone
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Hypothalamic hormones directly regulate the synthesis and secretion of pituitary gland which further regulates the synthesis and secretion of hormones of other glands like thyroid hormones, adrenal hormones and parathormones etc.
Chemical Coordination And Integration – NEET-9164
2
Regulating hormones from hypothalamus reach Adeno-hypophysis through
  1. A Neuron
  2. B Neuroendocrine cells
  3. C Portal blood vessel
  4. D Diffusion
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Regulating hormones that are secreted by neuroendocrine cells of hypothalamus is carried to adenohypophysis via hypophyseal portal blood circulation.

Chemical Coordination And Integration – NEET-9186
3
Which pituitary hormone is responsible for enhancing the arterial blood pressure by causing narrowing of arterioles?
  1. A ACTH
  2. B Somatotropin
  3. C ADH
  4. D LTH
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

ADH hormone released by posterior pituitary enhances the arterial blood pressure by causing narrowing of arterioles.
4
Adrenal virilism results due to
  1. A Poor secretion of sex corticoids
  2. B Excess secretion of sex corticoids
  3. C Excess secretion of aldosterone
  4. D Poor secretion of aldosterone
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Adrenal virilism : Caused due to excessive secretion of sex corticoids released by zona reticulata of adrenal cortex.

Symptoms: Produces male type external sex characters such as beard and moustaches and male voice in women.
5
On surgical removal of pituitary gland there is fall in levels of glucocorticoids and sexcorticoids. This is due to
  1. A Oxytocin is no longer available from pituitary
  2. B Atrophy of adrenal medulla
  3. C Atrophy of adrenal cortex
  4. D LTH from pituitary is no longer available
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Surgical removal of pituitary gland results in lack of ACTH which stimulates adrenal cortex of the adrenal gland to release corticoids. Absence of the ACTH results in atrophy of adrenal cortex.
6
The organ which was considered vestigial till recently but now confirmed to be endocrine gland is
  1. A Thymus
  2. B Pancreas
  3. C Pineal
  4. D Pituitary
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Pineal gland was earlier considered to be vestigial gland which was later found to be responsible for secretion of melatonin which controls circadian rhythm.
7
Failure of thyroid secretion from infancy leading to dwarfism and mental retardation is included under
  1. A Grave's disease
  2. B Cretinism
  3. C Simple goitre
  4. D Myxedema
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Failure of thyroid secretion from infancy leading to dwarfism and mental retardation is known as cretinism while in adults the deficiency of thyroid hormone causes myxoedema (gull's disease).
8
Underproduction of hormones by adrenal cortex alters carbohydrate metabolism causing acute weakness and fatigue, dehydration and metabolic acidosis. This disease is called
  1. A Addison's disease
  2. B Cushing's syndrome
  3. C Conn's syndrome
  4. D Adrenal virilism
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

Addison's disease is caused due to hyposecretion by adrenal cortex to decrease secretion of corticosteroids. Disease is characterised by dehydration, weakness, acidosis, hypocalcaemia, fatigue, etc. Tumor of adrenal cortex leads to high cortisol level to produce Cushing's syndrome. Conn's syndrome or Aldosteronism is due to hypersecretion of aldosterone from an adrenal cortical tumor. Adrenal virilism is due to hypersecretion of sex corticoids.
9
All of the following statements are incorrect except
  1. A Secretin acts on endocrine part of pancreas and stimulates secretion of water and bicarbonate ions
  2. B Leydig cells present in seminiferous tubules and corpus luteum are major target of LH
  3. C Epinephrine, melanin and thyroxine are derivatives of amino acid tyrosine
  4. D cAMP acts as secondary messenger for aldosterone
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Secretin acts on exocrine part i.e. pancreatic acinar cells and stimulates secretion of water and bicarbonate ions. Leydig cells or interstitial cells are present in spaces between two seminiferous tubules. Aldosterone is a steroid hormone and it acts via intracellular receptors, cAMP is a secondary messenger required by water - soluble hormones.
10
Chemical Coordination And Integration – NEET-9181 'X' in the given statement refers to
  1. A Angiotensin-II
  2. B Aldosterone
  3. C Renin
  4. D Rennin
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Chemical Coordination And Integration – NEET-9181 Rennin is a proteolytic enzyme found in the stomach.
11
A person is having problem with calcium and phosphate metabolism in his body leading to thinning of bones. Which of the following should not be administered to treat his condition?
  1. A Calcitonin
  2. B Calcitriol
  3. C Parathormone
  4. D Vitamin- $\mathrm { D } _ { 3 }$
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Parathormone mobilises $\mathrm { Ca } ^ { 2 + }$ from bones leading to high $\mathrm { Ca } ^ { 2 + }$ level in blood and thinning of bones. Calcitonin causes decrease in blood $\mathrm { Ca } ^ { 2 + }$ levels and its further deposition in bone while calcitriol (Vitamin $\mathrm { D } _ { 3 }$ ), stimulates increased absorption of $\mathrm { Ca } ^ { 2 + }$ from food in gastrointestinal tract, which increases blood $\mathrm { Ca } ^ { 2 + }$ level.
12
Symptoms like pot-bellied, pigeon like chest, protruding tongue and mental retardation are of
  1. A Myxedema
  2. B Cretinism
  3. C Cushing's Syndrome
  4. D Addison's disease
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Myxedema : (Caused by deficiency of thyroxine)

Puffy appearance, lacking alertness, intelligence and alertness.

Cretinism : (Caused by deficiency of thyroxine)

Patient is pot-bellied, pigeon-chested and has a protruded tongue.

Cushing's Syndrome : (Oversecretion of cortisol)

Obesity and wasting of limbs muscles.

Males: Excessive hair growth (Hirsutism)

Females : Masculinization, beard and moustache development.
13
__________ are responsible for chemical coordination.
  1. A Neurons
  2. B Nephrons
  3. C Hormones
  4. D Enzymes
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Chemical Coordination And Integration – NEET-9163
14
Which of the statement is incorrect w.r.t. melatonin hormone?
  1. A Shows diumal variation
  2. B Antigonadal hormone
  3. C Secreted by Pineal body
  4. D Poorly vascularised
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

Pineal gland secretes melatonin. Melatonin regulates diurnal variation also, melatonin is reported to inhibit sexual development in children. Pineal tumors have been linked to with precocious puberty. When puberty arrives, melatonin production is reduced.
15
Select the odd one w.r.t. hormones of fight or flight.
  1. A Piloerection
  2. B Pupillary dilation
  3. C Decrease in heart rate
  4. D Increase in respiratory rate
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Catecholamines/emergency hormones increase the heart beat.
16
Hyposecretion of which hormone is responsible for cretinism?
  1. A Thyroxine
  2. B Parathormone
  3. C Growth Hormone
  4. D Calcitonin
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

Hormone responsible for cretinism is thyroxine. Deficiency of thyroxine from childhood results is stunted growth and mental retardation, known as cretinism.
17
Read the following sentences carefully and select the incorrect statement.
  1. A Water soluble hormones produce secondary messengers and accelerate biochemical reactions in the cell
  2. B Receptors for fat soluble hormones are intracellular in location
  3. C Thyroxine hormone with specific intracellular receptor regulates the gene expression
  4. D cGMP is second messenger for adrenaline that interacts with intracellular or nuclear receptors
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

Adrenaline is emergency hormone synthesized by adrenal medulla and acts through second messenger cAMP and not via cGMP. Acetylcholine and ANF act through secondary messenger cGMP. Adrenaline is an amino acid derivative and binds to membrane bound receptors.
18
Which of the following is the function of Insulin?
  1. A Promote synthesis of fats from glucose by adipose tissue
  2. B Promote protein synthesis by promoting uptaking amino acids by liver and muscle cells
  3. C Promote conversion of glucose into glycogen
  4. D All of these
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

Insulin secreted by pancreas

(a) Promotes uptake of fats

(b) Promotes proteins synthesis

(c) Promotes glycogenesis.
19
Destruction of adrenal cortex results in disease known as
  1. A Addison's disease
  2. B Cushing's disease
  3. C Exophthalmic goitre
  4. D Conn's disease
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

Addison's disease occurs due to deficiency of aldosterone and cortisol. Cushing's disease is caused due to hypersecretion from adrenal cortex. Exophthalmic goitre occurs due to hypersecretion from thyroid gland. Conn's disease occurs due to hypersecretion of aldosterone.
20
The anterior pituitary hormone that does not stimulate another endocrine gland is
  1. A Somatotrophin
  2. B Thyrotrophin
  3. C Gonadotrophin
  4. D Adrenocorticotrophin
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

The anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the release of growth hormone is known as GHRH (growth hormone releasing hormone) or Somatocrinin.

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